Step 1: Cook the Pasta: Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the pasta and cook according to package directions until al dente. Drain the pasta and rinse with cold water to stop the cooking process. Set aside to cool completely.
Step 2: Cook the Corn: While the pasta is cooking, cook the corn. If using fresh corn, grill, roast, or boil until tender (about 5-7 minutes). If using frozen corn, saut in a pan with a little oil until heated through and slightly charred (about 5 minutes). Allow the corn to cool slightly.
Step 3: Prepare the Dressing: In a large bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream (or Greek yogurt), lime juice, chili powder, garlic powder, salt, and pepper until smooth. Adjust seasonings to taste.
Step 4: Assemble the Salad: Add the cooked and cooled pasta and corn to the bowl with the dressing. Toss gently to coat. Stir in the crumbled cotija cheese and chopped cilantro.
Step 5: Chill and Serve: Cover the bowl and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes to allow the flavors to meld. Before serving, give the salad a gentle stir and garnish with additional cotija cheese and cilantro, if desired.
Optional tips: For a smoky flavor, grill the corn until slightly charred. If you don't have cotija cheese, queso fresco or feta cheese can be used as a substitute. Add a diced red bell pepper for extra color and crunch. The pasta salad can be made a day ahead of time; just add a little extra dressing if it seems dry before serving.