Step 1: Prepare the Oven and Pan: Preheat oven to 350F (175C). Grease and flour a 9-inch round cake pan. Alternatively, line the bottom with parchment paper for easy removal.
Step 2: Combine Dry Ingredients: In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, and salt until well combined. This ensures even distribution of the leavening agents.
Step 3: Cream Butter and Add Eggs: In a separate bowl, cream together the softened butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Beat in the eggs one at a time, then stir in the vanilla extract. This incorporates air into the batter, contributing to a lighter texture.
Step 4: Alternate Wet and Dry Ingredients: Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, alternating with the sour cream. Begin and end with the dry ingredients, mixing until just combined. Be careful not to overmix, as this can result in a tough cake.
Step 5: Pour and Bake: Pour the batter into the prepared cake pan and spread evenly. Bake for 40-45 minutes, or until a wooden skewer inserted into the center comes out clean.
Step 6: Cool and Serve: Let the cake cool in the pan for 10 minutes before inverting it onto a wire rack to cool completely. Once cooled, dust with powdered sugar or frost as desired.
Optional Tips: For a lemon-flavored cake, add 1 tablespoon of lemon zest to the batter. To substitute, Greek yogurt can be used in place of sour cream for a similar tangy flavor.